Photography Labs and Photo Processing and Associated IAQ Problems

Chemicals found in a photo lab
General precautions

Exposure to photographic chemicals can trigger asthmat attacks in sensitive people since many of the chemicals used in darkrooms are respiratory irritants. These chemicals may also cause chronic respiratory problems, skin rashes, and other health effects. For example, some of the dyes used can cause bladder cancer.¹ Photographic equipment may also emit acetic acid, which may irritate the eye/nose/throat, cause burns of the eyes and skin, and lead to chronic bronchitis.

Chemicals Found in a Photo Lab

• Acetic acid

• Ammonium thiosulfate

• Ammonium UL Bleach

• Bleach

• Potassium Bromide

• Silver chloride or bromide

Most photo lab chemicals emit vapors that are extremely irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract and are capable of causing allergic skin reactions. As a basic precaution, avoid prolonged or repeated breathing of mist or vapor, avoid contact with eyes and prolonged or repeated contact with skin and wash thoroughly after handling. 

General Precautions 

• Ventilation: Adequate ventilation (typically 10 air changes per hour) should be used, with ventilation rates matching conditions. Supplementary local exhaust ventilation, closed systems, or respiratory protection may be needed in special circumstances such as poorly ventilated spaces, evaporation from large surfaces, spraying, heating, etc.

• Housekeeping: Use good housekeeping and sanitation practices. Do not use tobacco or food in work area and wash thoroughly before eating and smoking. Do not blow dust off clothing or skin with compressed air.

• Implement engineering and work practice controls to reduce and maintain the concentration of exposure at low levels. The recommended decontamination facilities include an eye bath, washing facilities and a safety shower.

• Respiratory Protection: If airborne concentrations are not maintained below the recommended exposure limits, an approved respirator must be worn.

• Eye Protection: Wear safety glasses with side shields (or goggles) and a face shield when instructed to do so.

• Skin Protection: For operations where prolonged or repeated skin contact may occur, impervious gloves and protective clothing appropriate for the risk of exposure should be worn.

When in doubt about a particular chemical, refer to the manufacturer's handling instructions and/or the MSDS for that chemical.

References

1. Rackl L. Artists at risk How could painting, sculpting, dancing or playing music be hazardous to your health? Two Chicago doctors want to tell you. Chicago Daily Herald. October 23, 2000.

2. MSDS online. Your leading source for MSDS information. 1999, 2000, fob, Inc. www.msdsonline.com/ Date accessed: January 2001.